Sheet metal fabrication

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Sheet metal

Sheet metal is metal that has been formed into thin and flat pieces. Sheet metal is the most commonly used metal in metalworking, as it can be cut and bent into a variety of different shapes. Thicknesses can vary significantly, although an extremely thin piece of sheet metal would be considered to be foil or leaf.

Sheet metal is generally sheets less than 6 mm.  The sheet metal product is produced by reducing the thickness of a long work piece using compressive forces applied through a set of rollers. Sheet metals are available as flat pieces or as coiled strips.  Sheet metal is characterized by its thickness or "gage".  The gage of sheet metal ranges from 30 gage to about 8 gage. The lower the gage, the thicker the metal will be. Aluminum, brass, copper, cold rolled steel, mild steel, nickel and titanium are all types of metals that can be made into sheet metal. Sheet metal is used in many different applications such as car bodies, airplane wings, building roofs and restaurant tables. What makes sheet metal so widely used is its ability to be formed and shaped. There are many different processes used to form and shape sheet metal.  Some of them are as follows:

"Stretching"
The metal is clamped around the edges and pulled over a die or form block.

"Drawing"
A punch is used to press the blank into a die cavity to form the metal into a box or cylinder shaped forms.

"Deep drawing"
Deep Drawing is a process used when the depth of the part is greater than its diameter.

"Bending and flanging"
Bending and flanging imparts stiffness to a sheet metal part or to form various shapes.

"Punching / shearing"
This is the process by which the sheet metal is cut by using a punch and die.

"Spinning"
Axis-symmetric parts are made by applying a work piece to a rotating mandrel with the help of rollers or rigid tools.

"Press forming"
Long thin metal parts are bent using the press forming process.


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